PUBLICATION ETHICS

Wisdom: Journal of Primary Education is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against publication malpractice. All parties involved in the publication process authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher are expected to adhere to ethical principles based on integrity, transparency, and academic responsibility.

1. Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

Authors submitting manuscripts to Wisdom: Journal of Primary Education must ensure that:

• Originality and Plagiarism
  Manuscripts are original works. Any use of others’ ideas, data, or words must be properly cited. Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable.

• Multiple or Concurrent Submission
  Authors must not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously. Submitting previously published work is also unethical.

• Authorship of the Paper
  Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. All co-authors must approve the final version of the manuscript.

• Data Access and Retention
  Authors may be asked to provide raw data related to their study and should be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.

• Acknowledgment of Sources
  Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given.

• Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest
  Authors must disclose any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that might influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript.

• Fundamental Errors in Published Works
  If authors discover significant errors or inaccuracies in their published work, they are obligated to promptly notify the journal editor and cooperate in correcting or retracting the paper.

2. Ethical Responsibilities of Editors

Editors of Wisdom: Journal of Primary Education are responsible for:

• Publication Decisions
  Editors decide which manuscripts are accepted based on their academic merit, originality, clarity, and relevance to the journal’s focus and scope.

• Fair Play
  Manuscripts are evaluated without regard to authors’ race, gender, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy.

• Confidentiality
  Editors must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, and the publisher.

• Conflict of Interest
  Editors must not use unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript for their own research without the author’s written consent.

3. Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

Peer reviewers assist editors in making editorial decisions and are expected to uphold the following principles:

• Contribution to Editorial Decisions
  Reviews should be objective and constructive, providing clear arguments to support evaluations.

• Confidentiality
  Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents and must not be shared or discussed with others.

• Standards of Objectivity
  Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

• Acknowledgment of Sources
  Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors and inform editors of any substantial similarity between the manuscript and other published works.

• Conflict of Interest
  Reviewers must decline to review manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with any of the authors or institutions involved.

4. Publisher’s Responsibilities

The publisher of Wisdom: Journal of Primary Education supports editors and reviewers in carrying out their ethical responsibilities and is committed to ensuring that commercial interests do not influence editorial decisions. The publisher also works to preserve the integrity of the academic record and will assist in publishing corrections, clarifications, retractions, or apologies when necessary.

5. Handling of Ethical Misconduct

In cases of suspected or proven ethical misconduct (such as plagiarism, data fabrication, duplicate publication, or authorship disputes), the journal will follow established ethical guidelines. Actions may include:

• Requesting clarification from authors

• Rejecting the manuscript

• Retracting a published article

• Informing the authors’ institutions if necessary